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RPMDB: Thread/process XX/XXX failed: Thread died in Berkeley DB library

Típicos errores al tener la base de datos RPM corrupta.

error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 10682/139936583493440 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db5 error(-30973) de dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: no se pudo abrir índice Packages utilizando db5 -  (-30973)
error: no se puede abrir la base de datos Packages en /var/lib/rpm
no se puede abrir rpmdb

 rpmdb: Thread/process 31902/140347322918656 failed: Thread died in Berkeley DB library
 error: db3 error(-30974) from dbenv->failchk: DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
 error: cannot open Packages index using db3 -  (-30974)
 error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm

Solución: Limpiar la cache y reconstruir los índices de bases de datos de las cabeceras de paquetes instalados.

# Fedora / Centos / RedHat / etc. (/var/cache/yum)        yum clean all
# Mandriva / etc.  (/var/cache/urpmi/rpms)                urpmi --clean
rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db*
rpm --rebuilddb